World War II in China

China Divided, 1937-45

United Front?

GMD in Chongqing, Sichuan

Supply

Burma Road Dec. 1938-1942

“Over the Hump” 1942-45

CCP in Yan'an

Puppet regimes, 1937-8

*Manchukuo

*“Emperor” Puyi

Mongolian Autonomous Government

Mongol Prince Teh

Provisional Government

Beijing
Abolished 1940

Reformed Government

Nanjing
*Wang Jingwei

Failure of Puppet Regimes, 1937-45

Japanese Occupation

2.1 million men pinned down in China

“Japan’s Vietnam”

Aims

Resource base

Chinese acceptance of rule

Important Events

New 4th Army Incident, Jan. 1941

Informal end of United Front

Pearl Harbor, Dec. 7, 1941

Ichigo Campaign, 1944

Destroys GMD air force

Stretches Japanese troops

China Divided, 1945

Japanese Occupation

2.1 million soldiers

GMD

*Chongqing
2.7 million soldiers

CCP

*Yan'an
1 million soldiers

Japanese surrender

U.S. atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Surrender on August 15, 1945

Chinese contribution to victory in WW II

2.1 million Japanese occupation troops

What was the importance to the GMD and CCP of accepting Japanese surrender?

CCP

Geographical advantage

Proximity

CCP underground resistance

Father’s experiences (Wild Swans, Ch. 6)

Soviets: Mixed blessing in Manchuria, 1945-46

In Jinzhou, Aug. 24-Nov. 11, 1945 (Wild Swans, Ch. 4)

Armed CCP

“Reparations”

Recognition of GMD

GMD

U.S. assistance

50,000 Marines

Airlift of GMD soldiers

Control of cities

In Jinzhou Nov. 1945-Oct. 1948 (Wild Swans, Chaps. 4-5)